Electromechanical equipment is an important facility for construction, and its operation will be affected by many aspects, which will cause it to fail to operate normally. For maintenance personnel of mechanical and electrical equipment, on the one hand, they need a high level of professional skills, and on the other hand, they need to have high-quality professionalism. The timely maintenance of electromechanical equipment is the guarantee for the normal operation of the electromechanical equipment and the guarantee for the normal operation of the enterprise. The maintenance of electromechanical equipment includes maintenance and repair during use. The maintenance of the equipment can improve or maintain its own performance, and the repair of the equipment can maintain or restore its own performance. On the whole, the maintenance of electromechanical equipment is to eliminate faults and eliminate hidden dangers, so that the equipment can operate stably. Reasonable maintenance can not only save materials, but also extend the service life of the equipment, thereby creating more profits for the enterprise.

1. Common faults and cause analysis of electromechanical equipment 

(1) Common faults of electromechanical equipment

During the operation of electromechanical equipment, different faults will occur due to different factors. There are about five common faults:

① Maladjustment fault refers to the unreasonable gap between the electromechanical equipment, causing the pressure imbalance. To

② Loosening failure refers to the loosening phenomenon that occurs after the electromechanical equipment has deviated. To

③Leakage or blockage faults refer to the problem of leakage or blockage. To

④ Damaged faults refer to problems such as deformation, fracture, and corrosion of electromechanical equipment. To

⑤Performance aging failure refers to the overheating of electromechanical equipment in the application process and loss of efficacy, resulting in the decline of equipment performance. To

There are different types of faults in electromechanical equipment, and the consequences are different. There are mainly three more common consequences:

①Environmental/safety consequences If the failure of electromechanical equipment causes the company to fail to act, it will cause environmental consequences; if the failure of the electromechanical equipment causes casualties, it will have safety consequences. To

②Hidden consequences This kind of consequences will not have a direct impact, but it will lead to more serious and even catastrophic consequences. To

③Usability consequences If the malfunction of the electromechanical equipment has a certain impact on the production of the enterprise, there will be usage consequences. To

④ Non-use consequences. The result of this kind of obstacle is classified as a functional category, which has no impact on the production and safety of the enterprise, and a certain maintenance cost is required. To

(2) Cause analysis of common failures of electromechanical equipment

1.2.1 Internal factors Electromechanical equipment will be damaged due to some parts, such as broken or bent shafts. From the perspective of internal factors, there are probably several reasons for the failure of electromechanical equipment:

① When the electromechanical equipment is in operation, the shaft is in a deviated state, resulting in unbalanced pressure;

② Problems such as abnormal wear, aging, deformation, etc.;

③There is blockage, leakage, etc.;

④The motor parts are loose;

⑤ The current collecting device is damaged;

⑥ The parts are damaged;

⑦The friction phenomenon is seriously beyond the standard range, causing the motor to overheat. To

1.2.2 External causes The external causes of common failures of electromechanical equipment mainly include the following:

①The operator or maintenance personnel of the equipment did not perform reasonable operations in accordance with the specifications;

②During operation, due to corrosive environmental factors such as temperature and dust, it will cause mechanical failure;

③The voltage is unstable, or the load exceeds the standard range, which will cause power failure and cause failure;

④The motor has a condition and cannot start normally.

2. Mechanical and electrical equipment maintenance and protective measures

(1) Correct operation

Operators of electromechanical equipment should have high technical and good professional qualities. Before the electromechanical equipment is used, a comprehensive inspection should be carried out, especially the inspection of the coolant and oil, and it must be ensured that there is no missing. If there is a problem, it should be dealt with promptly. In a low temperature environment, the mechanical and electrical equipment cannot be overloaded, so the machinery must be warmed up. After entering the normal operation of the machine, the temperature should be monitored to reduce mechanical wear and prevent failure. To

(2) Correct lubrication

The correctness of the lubrication operation is directly related to the proportion of failures. In electromechanical equipment, the precision value of many parts is very high. Therefore, only the correct and reasonable lubrication work can make the operation of the machine have stability and health. Correct lubrication is an effective way to prevent malfunctions. On the one hand, it protects the working temperature of the machine, and on the other hand, it can also reduce the wear of parts. It is necessary to comprehensively consider the actual structure and operating environment of the electromechanical equipment to select the correct lubricant, and other materials cannot be substituted. To

(3) Rich maintenance skills

Maintenance personnel should promptly discard and replace the damaged parts in the equipment, make full use of available materials, reduce maintenance time, and ensure that the equipment can be restored to work as soon as possible. Damaged parts can be repaired and reprocessed in a variety of ways. To

3. Improvement methods for maintenance and management of mechanical and electrical equipment

(1) Implement management regulations

The standardized management of electromechanical equipment of an enterprise should be based on relevant regulations, restrict the behavior of operators, and establish and improve the mechanism of standardized management of electromechanical equipment. Enterprises need to guide staff to communicate with each other and promote cooperative relations. The management system of mechanical and electrical equipment usually takes the management of technology, personnel and maintenance as the main aspects. Enterprises can start from the management system, strengthen the management of the system, earnestly implement the relevant regulations, and gradually form a set of scientific management models to strengthen the mechanical and electrical The maintenance and management of the equipment will benefit the operation of the enterprise. To

(2) Achieve standardized management

Standardization management can enhance the staff's awareness of standardization, so that they can voluntarily invest in their work. Carry out various tasks in accordance with standardization regulations, and ensure the quality of the work from multiple angles, not only focusing on quality issues, but also achieving management standardization in each link. Enterprises also need to start training activities in real time to promote employee learning, so as to improve the professional technical level and professionalism of operators and maintenance personnel. To

(3) Strengthen personnel management

The technical personnel responsibility system can be adopted, which not only can implement the responsibility to the people, but also stimulate the enthusiasm of the staff, so that the value of the technical staff can be more embodied. Technical training should be carried out for staff, social progress, and equipment renewal, which requires operators to have a higher technical level. The training content should strengthen the staff’s management, maintenance and use of mechanical and electrical equipment, and also improve the staff’s learning initiative, so that the staff can actively expand the scope of knowledge and learn relevant knowledge of mechanical and electrical equipment in real time, so that they can better working.

4. Concluding remarks 

Maintenance and management of mechanical and electrical equipment has a vital impact on the development of enterprises. Mechanical and electrical failures will not only affect production, but also endanger the safety and even lives of workers. Therefore, enterprises should take effective measures against mechanical and electrical equipment failures to increase the life of mechanical and electrical equipment, reduce maintenance and management costs, and ensure that mechanical and electrical equipment is safe. Efficient work.